Hydrogel-based strong and fast actuators by electroosmotic …
https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.abm7862
Apr 14, 2022 · Because of their softness, transparency, biocompatibility, and responsiveness to stimuli, hydrogels are attractive candidates for soft actuators and have been applied in various fields such as soft robotics (1, 2), tunable optics (), fluidics (), and biomedicine ().The actuation mechanism of most hydrogel actuators is swelling, driven by osmotic pressure in response to …
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